Search results for "Continuous positive airway pressure"

showing 10 items of 90 documents

Role of oxidative stress in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

2019

Respiratory distress syndrome is the commonest respiratory disorder in preterm infants. Although it is well known that preterm birth has a key role, the mechanisms of lung injury have not been fully elucidated. The pathogenesis of this neonatal condition is based on the rapid formation of the oxygen reactive species, which surpasses the detoxification capacity of anti-oxidative defense system. The high reactivity of free radical leads to damage to a variety of molecules and may induce respiratory cell death. There is evidence that the oxidative stress involved in the physiopathology of this disease, is particularly related to oxygen supplementation, mechanical ventilation, inflammation/infe…

0301 basic medicineNeonatal respiratory distress syndromeRespiratory distress syndromemedicine.medical_treatmentDiseaseLung injurymedicine.disease_causeBiochemistry03 medical and health sciencesSurface-Active Agents0302 clinical medicineFetusPregnancyPhysiology (medical)MedicineHumansRespiratory systemMechanical ventilationRespiratory Distress Syndrome NewbornRespiratory distressContinuous Positive Airway Pressurebusiness.industryInfant NewbornLung InjuryNewbornmedicine.diseaseNewborn; Oxidative stress; Prematurity; Respiratory distress syndrome; VentilationRespiration ArtificialVentilationOxygenDiabetes GestationalOxidative Stress030104 developmental biologyImmunologyBreathingOxidative streFemalePrematuritybusinessReactive Oxygen Species030217 neurology & neurosurgeryOxidative stressInfant Premature
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Consensus on Postoperative Recommendations After Transsphenoidal Surgery

2018

Abstract Background Guidelines for patient behavior following transsphenoidal surgery do not exist. To gain generally recommendations, the German pituitary working group conducted a study among pituitary surgeons to elucidate their opinions and customs of patients’ counselling. Methods Questions concerning daily activities, exertion of sports and work life were addressed. It was asked to provide the postoperative time interval after which specific activities can be resumed both after a routine or an extended approach. Results Fourteen pituitary surgeons returned the completed questionnaire. Following routine operations, washing the hair was allowed within one week, blowing the nose after 3,…

0301 basic medicineTranssphenoidal surgerymedicine.medical_specialtyActivities of daily livingbusiness.industryEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmedicine.medical_treatmentMEDLINE030209 endocrinology & metabolismGeneral MedicineWork lifeScuba diving03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biology0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologymedicine.anatomical_structureInternal MedicinePhysical therapyMedicineContinuous positive airway pressurebusinesshuman activitiesNoseCraniotomyExperimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes
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Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach to Sleep Disorders, High Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Diseases. A Consensus Document by the Italian Society …

2021

Hypertension is a major contributor to fatal/nonfatal cardiovascular diseases, and timely identification and appropriate management of factors affecting hypertension and its control are mandatory public health issues. By inducing neurohormonal alterations and metabolic impairment, sleep disorders have an impact on a variety of cardiovascular risk factors, including hypertension, and ultimately increase the risk of cardiovascular events. There is evidence that qualitative and quantitative sleep disorders are associated with resistant hypertension and with impaired circadian blood pressure variations. However, sleep disturbances are often unrecognized, or heterogeneity exists in their managem…

0301 basic medicinemedicine.medical_treatmentSleep disorders.Comorbidity0302 clinical medicineCardiovascular DiseaseSleep Initiation and Maintenance DisordersInsomniaContinuous positive airway pressureSleep Apnea ObstructiveContinuous Positive Airway Pressureblood pressureHeart Disease Risk FactorPrognosisSleep in non-human animalsCircadian RhythmAntihypertensive AgentCardiovascular Diseasessleep disordersmedicine.symptomCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineRisk assessmentHumancardiovascular riskmedicine.medical_specialtyConsensusSleep ApneahypertensionPrognosiConsensuRisk Assessment03 medical and health sciencesTherapeutic approachInternal MedicinemedicineHumansHealthy LifestyleIntensive care medicineConsensus DocumentAntihypertensive AgentsBlood pressure; Cardiovascular risk; Hypertension; Sleep disorders; Antihypertensive Agents; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular Diseases; Circadian Rhythm; Comorbidity; Consensus; Healthy Lifestyle; Heart Disease Risk Factors; Humans; Hypertension; Prognosis; Risk Assessment; Risk Reduction Behavior; Sleep Apnea Obstructive; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure; SleepSleep disorderbusiness.industryObstructivePublic healthmedicine.diseaseComorbidity030104 developmental biologyBlood pressureHeart Disease Risk Factorsblood pressure; cardiovascular risk; hypertension; sleep disordersbusinessSleepRisk Reduction Behavior030217 neurology & neurosurgery
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Quantification of atelectatic lung volumes in two different porcine models of ARDS.

2006

BACKGROUND: Cyclic recruitment during mechanical ventilation contributes to ventilator associated lung injury. Two different pathomechanisms in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are currently discussed: alveolar collapse vs persistent flooding of small airways and alveoli. We compare two different ARDS animal models by computed tomography (CT) to describe different recruitment and derecruitment mechanisms at different airway pressures: (i) lavage-ARDS, favouring alveolar collapse by surfactant depletion; and (ii) oleic acid ARDS, favouring alveolar flooding by capillary leakage. METHODS: In 12 pigs [25 (1) kg], ARDS was randomly induced, either by saline lung lavage or oleic acid (…

ARDSPulmonary AtelectasisVentilator-associated lung injurySwinemedicine.medical_treatmentBlood PressureLung injurySodium ChlorideImage Processing Computer-AssistedMedicineAnimalsLung volumesContinuous positive airway pressureMechanical ventilationRespiratory Distress SyndromeLungContinuous Positive Airway Pressurebusiness.industryPulmonary Gas ExchangeRespiratory diseaserespiratory systemmedicine.diseaserespiratory tract diseasesPulmonary AlveoliDisease Models AnimalAnesthesiology and Pain Medicinemedicine.anatomical_structureAnesthesiabusinessLung Volume MeasurementsTomography X-Ray ComputedOleic AcidBritish journal of anaesthesia
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Do ventilatory parameters influence outcome in patients with severe acute respiratory infection? Secondary analysis of an international, multicentre1…

2021

Purpose: To investigate the possible association between ventilatory settings on the first day of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and mortality in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with severe acute respiratory infection (SARI). Materials and methods: In this pre-planned sub-study of a prospective, multicentre observational study, 441 patients with SARI who received controlled IMV during the ICU stay were included in the analysis. Results: ICU and hospital mortality rates were 23.1 and 28.1%, respectively. In multivariable analysis, tidal volume and respiratory rate on the first day of IMV were not associated with an increased risk of death; however, higher driving pr…

ARDSSoins intensifs réanimationmedicine.medical_treatmentAirway pressuresPEEP positive end-expiratory pressureCritical Care and Intensive Care Medicinelaw.inventionHypoxemiaCohort StudiesPositive-Pressure RespirationMechanical ventilationSARI severe acute respiratory infectionlawHospital MortalityProspective StudiesIQR interquartile rangesProspective cohort studyRCT randomized controlled trialTidal volumeSOFA Sequential Organ Failure AssessmentSAPS Simplified Acute Physiology ScoreIntensive care unitVCV volume-controlled ventilationHIV human immunodeficiency virusIntensive Care UnitsIC GLOSSARI Intensive Care Global Study on Severe Acute Respiratory Infectionmedicine.symptomCohort studyLOS length of staymedicine.medical_specialtyVt tidal volumeCOPD Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseNYHA New York Heart Association.PCV pressure-controlled ventilationArticleInternal medicineICU Intensive Care UnitSIMV Synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilationmedicineTidal VolumeHumansDP driving pressurePEEPARDS acute respiratory distress syndromeMechanical ventilationbusiness.industryOdds ratioPneumoniaPlateau pressuremedicine.diseaseRespiration ArtificialVILI ventilator induced lung injuryCI confidence intervalOR odds ratioIMV invasive mechanical ventilationCPAP continuous positive airway pressureARDSbusinessSD standard deviationECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenationPBW predicted body weightPplat plateau pressure
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A Randomized Controlled Trial of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure on Glucose Tolerance in Obese Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

2014

Study objectives Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with an increased prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), even in patients with morbid obesity. Our goal was to address whether continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) treatment improved glucose metabolism in this population. Methods A prospective randomized controlled trial was performed in severe OSA patients with morbid obesity without diabetes in two university referral hospitals. Patients received conservative (CT) versus CPAP treatment for 12 weeks. MetS components, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and oral glucose tolerance were assessed at baseline and after treatment. Results A total of 80 …

AdultBlood GlucoseMalemedicine.medical_specialtyglucose tolerancemedicine.medical_treatmentPopulationSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato Respiratorio030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyImpaired glucose tolerance03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineInsulin resistancePhysiology (medical)Internal medicineDiabetes mellitusinsulin resistanceGlucose IntoleranceWeight LossmedicineHumansInsulinProspective StudiesContinuous positive airway pressureeducationobstructive sleep apneaMetabolic SyndromeSleep Apnea Obstructiveeducation.field_of_studyGlucose tolerance testContinuous Positive Airway Pressuremedicine.diagnostic_testbusiness.industryGlucose Tolerance TestMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseObesity Morbidrespiratory tract diseasesSurgeryObstructive sleep apnea030228 respiratory systemFemaleNeurology (clinical)Insulin ResistanceMetabolic syndromeSleep Disordered Breathingbusinesscontinuous positive airway pressure
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Use of autobilevel ventilation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea: An observational study.

2017

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the first-choice treatment for obstructive sleep-disordered breathing. Automatic bilevel ventilation can be used to treat obstructive sleep-disordered breathing when CPAP is ineffective, but clinical experience is still limited. To assess the outcome of titration with CPAP and automatic bilevel ventilation, the charts of 356 outpatients (obstructive sleep apnea, n = 242; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease + obstructive sleep apnea overlap, n = 80; obesity hypoventilation syndrome [OHS], n = 34; 103 females) treated for obstructive sleep-disordered breathing from January 2014 to April 2017 were reviewed. Positive airway pressure titration was …

AdultMaleCognitive Neurosciencemedicine.medical_treatmentAmbulatory managementRespiratory failureSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioBody Mass Index03 medical and health sciencesBehavioral Neuroscience0302 clinical medicinePositive airway pressuremedicineNon-invasive ventilationHumansContinuous positive airway pressureAgedRetrospective StudiesObesity hypoventilation syndromeSleep Apnea ObstructiveContinuous Positive Airway Pressurebusiness.industryGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseRespiration ArtificialConfidence intervalrespiratory tract diseasesObstructive sleep apnea030228 respiratory systemRespiratory failureAnesthesiaNon-invasive ventilationBreathingPatient ComplianceFemalebusiness030217 neurology & neurosurgeryFollow-Up StudiesJournal of sleep research
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Baroreflex control of heart rate during sleep in severe obstructive sleep apnoea: effects of acute CPAP

2006

Baroreflex control of heart rate during sleep (baroreflex sensitivity; BRS) has been shown to be depressed in obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), and improved after treatment with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Whether CPAP also acutely affects BRS during sleep in uncomplicated severe OSA is still debatable. Blood pressure was monitored during nocturnal polysomnography in 18 patients at baseline and during first-time CPAP application. Spontaneous BRS was analysed by the sequence method, and estimated as the mean sequence slope. CPAP did not acutely affect mean blood pressure or heart rate but decreased cardiovascular variability during sleep. Mean BRS increased slightly during CPAP…

AdultMalePulmonary and Respiratory MedicineBaroreceptorPolysomnographymedicine.medical_treatmentPositive pressureBaroreflexHeart RateHeart rateHumansMedicineContinuous positive airway pressureMechanical ventilationAnalysis of VarianceSleep Apnea ObstructiveContinuous Positive Airway Pressurebusiness.industryBaroreflexMiddle Agedrespiratory tract diseasesMean blood pressureBlood pressurebaroreceptors blood pressure hypoxia positive intrathoracic pressure sleepAnesthesiaLinear ModelsMED/09 - MEDICINA INTERNAbusinesscirculatory and respiratory physiologyEuropean Respiratory Journal
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Performance of EasyBreath Decathlon Snorkeling mask for delivering continuous positive airway pressure

2021

AbstractDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, the need for noninvasive respiratory support devices has dramatically increased, sometimes exceeding hospital capacity. The full-face Decathlon snorkeling mask, EasyBreath (EB mask), has been adapted to deliver continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) as an emergency respiratory interface. We aimed to assess the performance of this modified EB mask and to test its use during different gas mixture supplies. CPAP set at 5, 10, and 15 cmH2O was delivered to 10 healthy volunteers with a high-flow system generator set at 40, 80, and 120 L min−1 and with a turbine-driven ventilator during both spontaneous and loaded (resistor) breathing. Inspiratory CO2 par…

AdultMaleRespiratory distress syndromeCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)DivingSciencemedicine.medical_treatmentSnorkelingArticle03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineCPAPHealthy volunteersHumansMedicine030212 general & internal medicineContinuous positive airway pressureRespiratory systemPandemicsVentilators MechanicalMultidisciplinaryContinuous Positive Airway PressureSARS-CoV-2business.industryRespirationCo2 partial pressureQHealth careMasksRCOVID-19Respiration ArtificialHealthy VolunteersDiaphragm (structural system)030228 respiratory systemAnesthesiaBreathingMedicineFemalebusinessScientific Reports
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Blood pressure changes after automatic and fixed CPAP in obstructive sleep apnea. Relationship with nocturnal sympathetic activity.

2011

Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) usually causes a reduction in blood pressure (BP), but several factors may interfere with its effects. In addition, although a high sympathetic activity is considered a major contributor to increased BP in OSA, a relationship between changes in BP and in sympathetic nervous system activity after OSA treatment is uncertain. This study was undertaken to assess if, in OSA subjects under no pharmacologic treatment, treatment by CPAP applied at variable levels by an automatic device (APAP) may be followed by a BP reduction, and if that treatment is associated with parallel changes in BP and catecholamine exc…

AdultMaleSympathetic nervous systemSympathetic Nervous SystemAmbulatory blood pressurePhysiologymedicine.medical_treatmentambulatory blood pressure monitoring catecholaminesBlood PressureSettore MED/10 - Malattie Dell'Apparato RespiratorioNorepinephrineCatecholaminesInternal MedicinemedicineHumansContinuous positive airway pressureWakefulnessSleep Apnea ObstructiveContinuous Positive Airway Pressurebusiness.industrySleep apneaGeneral MedicineBlood Pressure Monitoring AmbulatoryMiddle Agedmedicine.diseaseCircadian RhythmNormetanephrinenervous system diseasesrespiratory tract diseasesObstructive sleep apneamedicine.anatomical_structureBlood pressureAnesthesiaAmbulatoryCatecholamineSleepbusinessmedicine.drug
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